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Design & Illustration

Comments on Hunter

Kommentar ”What a fine looking AND handling kayak you've designed!! And fast, fast, fast...........After a couple of hours of roll practice (or trying and missing!), I was tired but still able to paddle and hold a 4.5 to 5 mph pace for an hour or so as as the sun set.”
Tripp Stanley

Kommentar ”Den Hunter jag började bygga i oktober blev klar lagom till det fina vårvädret. Utöver att jag tycker den är obeskrivligt vacker, upplever jag den som lättdriven och totalt okänslig för vind! Det känns befriande med det låga däcket, benutrymmet räcker väl till och den försänkta sargen ger bra stöd för knäna. Kajaken har också visat sig ha tillräcklig lastkapacitet för mina dagsturer i skärgården. Visst är den initialrank, men jag känner mig ändå trygg i den. Detta trots att min erfarenhet begränsar sig till en säsong i Kavat. Jag väljer dock grunda vatten tills vidare, eftersom jag inte behärskar roll ännu.”
Rune Eurenius

Hunter

Images | Particulars

Hunter

Plans, Hunter - 108 EUR Purchase

Most European or American built "Greenland kayaks" have been modeled on west coast designs (ultimately from the kayak Ken Taylor brought back to Scotland in 1959). By that time the west coast kayaks were influenced by the outside world – for good and bad. The east coast had been more isolated during what is sometimes referred to as "the little ice age" and when the eastern hunting kayaks were rediscovered, their forgotten qualities had a profound influence on the development of the modern Greenland kayak – the rake of the stems are greater, the sheer flatter, the flare of the sides have increased and the deadrise in the bottom is almost gone. They were faster, particularly against a head wind, more maneuverable and less affected by wind.

Hunter is not intended to be a replica. The construction method is strip instead of skin-on-frame, the foredeck is 2" higher (I guess few paddlers would be happy with the 7" under-deck height of the original!), the bottom is slightly wider (since westerners are taller in general than the Inuit of 19th century, the kayak would have felt much tippier without the adaptation) and the chines are slightly rounded (giving a smoother stability curve and better water flow over the hull, without sacrifying the ability to turn by leaning). But I have tried to keep the beautiful looks and performance characteristics of the Greenland original.

This is a narrow boat (20½" at the sheer, 18½ at the waterline), however it is not scary to paddle. Initially tippy but with a reassuring secondary stability, even novice paddlers quickly feel at ease (I would not recommend Hunter as a first kayak though – at least not unless you have ambitions and perseverance above the ordinary). Yet the narrow width does make it easy to lean the boat over with confidence when desired. The flat sides create a smooth and predictable secondary stability without the feeling that you will suddenly get dumped into the water.

The low aft deck permits the paddler to lean back with his head to the deck, making eskimo rolls and many traditional braces easy. The fore deck is also low by modern standards (9,6" at the foot rest) and intended for those practitioners of Greenland-style paddling who prefer a truly snug boat. Sitting eskimo style with knees slightly out and toes pointing slightly forwards, it is surprisingly roomy, even for a male western bigfoot. Those who prefer a little more comfort might use the higher deck (10,6"), indicated by dotted lines on the plans. With its low deck the boat is not adversely affected by wind.

The kayak is very easy to maneuver thanks to the rockered keel, flat bottom, rounded chines and comparatively short waterline. Leaning is a choice, not a necessity.

When the speed increases, the bow and stern wave climbs the raking stems, rapidly increasing waterline length and as a consequence, hull speed and tracking. The results are the unusual double benefits of extreme maneuvering at low speed and good tracking at high speed.

With a short waterline and a narrow hull, the wet surface and the friction are small (not much more than a competition K1). The acceleration is impressive – a couple of strokes to hull speed.

Overall, this boat is a lot of fun to paddle. With its relatively low volume, it is not intended as a multi-day touring boat. It is probably better suited as a day-tripping boat, the high touring speed letting you explore a lot of shoreline in a day - though traveling light and with a little packing discipline it will hold a surprising amount of gear. It is even better for practicing rolling, surfing, rock hopping and playing in breakers off the beach.

Like the traditional boats of the Inuits, it is a versatile boat ready to follow wherever you wish to go and whatever you wish to do.

Images

Första provturen i is och snöSittbrunnsexperimentRune Eurenius HunterSven Lundéns HunterSven Lundén i sin HunterRune Eurenius i sin vita HunterTripp Stanleys Hunter, USABalance brace – Rune Eurenius i sin vita HunterKim Hoovers Hunter, byggd för Glee SpicuzzaHunter – Jon LindénRune Eurenius vita Hunter vid Skags UddeHunter – Björn KochHunter – Johan PetterssonHunter – Katarina ReizTripp Stanleys Hunter, USAHunter – Bo DellingHunter – Bo DellingHunter – Ole HemmingsenHunter – Björn Koch

Particulars

Length¹ 590/460 cm (total/lwl)
Beam 52/46 cm (total/lwl)
Draft 11 cm
Cockpit¹ 78x38 cm
Height¹ 25/19 cm (in front of/behind the cockpit)
Weight² 16-21 kg
Load capacity 125 kg/230 litre
Speed³ 7.9/11.3 km/h
Prismatic coefficient 0.55
Wetted surface 1.86 m²
Drag⁴ 1.34/2.73 kp
Stability⁵ 1/3 (no load/max load)
Intended use Advanced paddling, rockhopping,etc. Touring, coastal and deep sea. Day tours and exercise.

* These dimensions can be adapted to suit personal needs or wishes.
** Depending on type of wood, equipment, care with epoxy usage, sanding etc. etc.
*** The speed numbers are based on mathematical standard formulas (175 lb paddler + 30 lb carco weight) and corrected from the kayaks actual performance om trials, on tours and in races.
⁴ Calculated resistance in 4 and 5 knots (at nominal load capacity).
⁵ Initial stability and secondary stability on a subjective scale, where 1 is very tippy and 5 is very stable.

Stability curves

Stability

The curve shows the calculated stability with a static load, and therefore of limited use for a real paddler. The part of the curve near zero degrees indicates the initial (primary) stability – the steeper the curve, the more stable. The part of the curve left of the peak indicates end (secondary) stability – the higher and wider, the safer you feel edging the kayak. The position of the peak shows also how much the kayak can be leaned without tipping over. The part of the curve to the right of the peak with rapidly decreasing righting moment is almost impossible to take advantage of.

Plans

The plan sheets contain the information needed to build the kayak/canoe. Station molds, stems and construction details are in full scale. For kayaks the recommended cockpit size is shown half scale with offsets for a full scale drawing and advice on altering the size. On the plans you will also find advice on how to shorten or lengthen the craft. Lines and construction drawings are in metric scale 1:10.

The illustrated step-by-step building manual is in Swedish only, but it is available online in english: it covers all steps in detail and will guide first-time builders through the project.

Plans, Hunter - 108 EUR Purchase

Comments

Hej Björn!

Jag har planer om att bygga en Hunter till sommaren. Skal jag satsa på att komplettera med en skädda, eller kan man klara sig utan i en Hunter? Du skriver att den är väldigt okänslig för vind, vilket gör att jag lutar åt att bygga utan skädda. Jag är rätt kort (170 cm) och tänker därför korta ned kajaken med ca 10%. Detta kommer ju att göra den mera lättsvängd, men hur påverkar det upplovningen? Gör det behovet för skädda större eller mindre?

MVH

Nils

Jag rekommenderar justerbar skädda på Hunter. Även kortad är det en lång kajak och upplovningen blir påtaglig om du försöker paddla med lite fart i sidvind eller vind låringsvis. Men kan du tänka dig att dra ner på farten i dessa förhållanden kan du säkert klara dig utan skädda. För bortsett från upplovning är Hunter en följsam och lätthanterad kajak.

Upplovning i förhållande till kursstabilitet/manöverbarhet är inte helt lätt att ta ställning till. Somliga föredrar kursstabila kajaker i sidvind därför att de inte lovar upp så mycket – i gengäld blir det ett förfärligt slit för att få dem tillbaka på kurs när det väl händer. Andra föredrar lättsvängda kajaker av motsatta skäl – de girar lätt men det går enkelt att tvinga dem tillbaka på kurs. Jag föredrar tveklöst lättsvängt.

Hej Björn !

Jag har fått dina ritningar till Hunter och har börjat bygga så smått.Ribbade skrovet i förrgår och det gick bra förrutom vid spant 7 där jag var tvungen att bygga på med lite tejp för att inte få en konstig inbuktning.Det verkar som att böjen borde ha en större radie .Tittade för övrigt på en annan byggblogg där samma problem hade visat sig.Nåväl det var ganska lätt fixat. Jag har nu grundlimmat och grovhyvlat skrovet samt spacklat mindre skavanker och glipor och limmat på ytterstävarna och väntar nu på att det skall härda.Nu till den egentliga frågan. Hur brukar man göra med innerstävarna på insidan skrovet? Kan man ta bort material som sticker in mot skrovet eller bör det vara kvar .Längst fram kan man ju spara för ett hål för en ögla att lyfta kajaken i men tappar kajaken sin styrka om man averkar lite på den in mot mitten. Den exra bordläggningsribban som finns på ritningen limmas den på efter spantmallarna tagits ur och däcket är klart eller hur brukar du göra? Hälsningar från en som tjuvstartat på sitt höstprojekt! PS Gjorde en Grönlandspaddel i väntan på härdningen och den är ju suverän att paddla med plus att den luktar så gott!

Du kan ta bort så mycket du vill av innerstävarna - stävkonstruktionen med ytterstävar blir tillräckligt stark ändå.

Extra bordläggningsribban är till för att behålla rimlig limyta för däcket, när relingskanten rundas. Jag brukar limma dit den inre relingsribban så att den sticker upp 5-6 mm över relingen, och såga spår i mallarna innan de sätts tillbaka för däcksbygget. Sedan hyvlas den inre relingsribban tills den stämmer med mallarnas form, relingen tejpas och däckat byggs.

Jag skall kolla linjerna vid spant 7. Tack för påpekandet.

Hi

You say that the long rake in the stems means that bow and stern waves climb the stems, and so increase the waterline length. Does the same thing happen when surfing on long green waves, such as in tide races, or running before the wind ( ie, not surfing on beach surf ).

How would the Hunter compare in this regard to the typical "british" style of sea kayak, where the keel line is artificially extended towards the ends to produce sort of built-in "skegs" in the hull shape - sometimes through the use of concave sections of hull.

Thank you

In my experience, yes. Increasing the speed has the effect that the bow and stern wave climb the stems, increasing the waterline length, regardless of how that speed is achieved: hard work, following wind or surfing long enough waves.

I regard Hunter a rather typical brit boat in function, albeit with a little more rake than most, and that the other extreme to consider is the John Winter type of hull with extended waterline (Epic 18, the QCC kayaks, most surfskis etc). Surfskis are excellent for this, with their exaggerated keel rocker and oversized rudders, but even the sea kayaks of the type have, much to my surprice, proven quite good in steep seas.

Most Hunters are built with a retractable skeg, leaving you with a choice you do not have when the designer has decided that strong tracking is best for you (straight keel, extended stern profile, built-down keel or concave sections aft (fx old Anas Acuta).

The reason for the Hunter stem rake is primarily to get a "dynamic" trackability – excellent manoeverability in low speeds (for a very long kayak), combined with going straight when you speed up. This works very well for touring and play, but for surfing I personally would have traded some the tracking for more maneuverability (surfski style) to make it easier to control the position on the wave (I pull the skeg when on the wave –more work but better control).

But you can´t have it all and this has proven an acceptable trade-off for a long distance all weather cruiser like the Hunter. And many paddlers prefer quite strong tracking for surfing...

Hi

Thanks for your comments - I find it an interesting concept - a variable waterline length. A short waterline length at slow speeds allows good manouverability, and a longer waterline length at speed, which allows faster surfing.

I do dislike the way the british sea kayak industry seems to have adopted the approach that good tracking is the god of sea kayak design, with keels that are artificially extended. Not everyone wants to travel in a straight line !

Yes, I have always built my kayaks very maneuverable, and disliked the strong tracking commercial kayaks I have tried: a couple of times so extreme that I envisioned having to step out of the kayak in shallow water, aiming it in the proper direction, paddling the next leg and repeating the process (no names but it has been well-known british kayaks ;-)

To me this trackability trend is a flirt with beginners, who cannot go a straight line, due to inefficient paddling technique – and salespersons taking the easy route: no information or advices but selling a straight-going kayak and a rudder to hide the problem...

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